Pembroke Welsh Corgi Breed Caring and Family, Social Life, Physical Traits, Diet Info

The Pembroke Welsh Corgi is famously adored by Queen Elizabeth. The word “corgi”, meaning “dwarf dog” appropriately describes this small, spunky breed that originated in Wales as early as the 1100s.
The Pembroke Welsh Corgi’s original purpose was to herd sheep and drive cattle by barking and biting at their heels. Today, the breed is known mostly for companion purposes. The Pembroke Welsh Corgi is described as an active, alert dog who loves to be around people. He is full of energy and maintains his watchful nature by alerting you to the presence of strangers. This breed has a medium, coarse coat with an average amount of shedding. It is important to brush him weekly to keep his shedding under control.
The Average weight of Pembroke Welsh Corgis is 27 pounds, and their average height is 11 inches. Pembroke Welsh Corgis have 6 to 7 puppies per litter once a year, and their lifespan is 12 to 14 years. Pembroke Welsh Corgis are known by several other names, including Pembroke, PWC, Pem, and Corgi.
View Table of Contents
- What are the Breed Traits and Characteristics of Pembroke Welsh Corgis?
- What are the Physical Traits of the Pembroke Welsh Corgi?
- How to Feed a Pembroke Welsh Corgi?
- Are Pembroke Welsh Corgis Hypoallergenic?
- What is the Exercise Need of a Pembroke Welsh Corgi?
- What is the Shedding Level of Pembroke Welsh Corgis?
- What is the Coat Grooming Frequency of Pembroke Welsh Corgis?
- What is the Drooling Level of Pembroke Welsh Corgis?
- What is the Coat Type of the Pembroke Welsh Corgi?
- What is the Coat Lenght of the Pembroke Welsh Corgi?
- What are the Social Traits of the Pembroke Welsh Corgi Breed?
- How Do Pembroke Welsh Corgis Interact with Strangers?
- Is the Pembroke Welsh Corgi Playful?
- Are Pembroke Welsh Corgis Protective?
- What is the Adaptability Level of Pembroke Welsh Corgis?
- What are the Personality Traits of Pembroke Welsh Corgis?
- Do Pembroke Welsh Corgis cope with being left alone?
- How to Train a Pembroke Welsh Corgi?
- How Frequently does a Pembroke Welsh Corgi Bark?
- What is the need for Mental Stimulation of a Pembroke Welsh Corgi?
- What are the Breed Standards of Pembroke Welsh Corgi?
- What is the General Information about Pembroke Welsh Corgi?
- What are the Different Types of Welsh Corgis?
- What Dog Breeds are Similar to the Pembroke Welsh Corgi?
What are the Breed Traits and Characteristics of Pembroke Welsh Corgis?
The Pembroke Welsh Corgi is a loyal, affectionate, spirited, and dependable breed known for its strong will and stubbornness. The Corgi is a mischievous, goofy, and entertaining ‘big dog in a small body.’
This diligent dog thrives with a job to do and, if not given one, will seek out his own work, often herding family members and pets. The affectionate, loyal PWC makes a wonderful companion but may be challenging for a first-time dog owner due to its cleverness, stubbornness, and rebellious nature.
Pembroke Welsh Corgi Breed Traits |
Pembroke Welsh Corgi Information |
Height |
Males 10 to 12 inches Females 10 to 11 inches |
Weight |
Males 24 to 31 pounds Females 24 to 28 pounds |
Relation with family |
Affectionate, Friendly, Intelligent |
Relation with children |
Playful, lovable, gentle |
Relation with other dogs |
Good but territorial |
Shedding level |
More than average |
Drooling level |
Low |
Coat type |
Double |
Coat length |
Undercoat – dense medium-length water-proof Outer coat – coarse, short, and straight |
Coat grooming frequency |
Weekly brushing |
Reaction to strangers |
Cautious |
Playfulness level |
High |
Adaptability level |
High |
Openness to strangers |
Wary |
Trainability level |
High |
Energy level |
High |
Barking level |
high |
Mental stimulation needs level |
High |
Lifespan |
12 -14 years |
How Does the Pembroke Welsh Corgi Interact with Family?
Pembroke Welsh Corgis love children, love playing with them, and bond closely with all family members. They are not one-person dogs and are protective of everyone in the family, and Pembroke Welsh Corgis think of everyone as their friend. They are an excellent choice as a family dog and get along with other pets.
Be aware that their herding heritage may cause them to nip at heels, which can frighten some children. The Pembroke Welsh Corgi will also herd your neighbor’s chickens, the neighborhood kids, and other dogs and cats. Pembroke Welsh Corgis thrive on being with people and if left alone for long periods with nothing to do, they become bored and fill the time with barking.
Pembroke Welsh Corgis shed moderately and blow coat twice a year, during which you can brush them more frequently. As a herding breed, the Pembroke Welsh Corgi is bred to work all day and needs quite a bit of exercise. A 30- to 45-minute walk or playtime twice a day is a good start. When he’s done with his activity for the day, he’s a calm housedog.
How Does the Pembroke Welsh Corgi Interact with Other Dogs?
Most Corgis get along well with other pets in the home. The Corgi’s herding instinct often results in many loud and speedy chase games, so they may not be a good match for a timid cat or dog. However, they can be territorial around other dogs and cats as the breed was developed to drive off strange dogs around the flocks. This might lead to aggression at the dog park or against animals that enter your yard.
How are Pembroke Welsh Corgis with Older People?
They are intelligent and easy to train, making them good companions for seniors. However, they are herding dogs by nature, which means you must ensure your corgi gets adequate exercise. However, you can accomplish this by taking daily walks, which is healthy for both you and your pet. One thing to note is that they can weigh up to 30 pounds, which might be a heavy lift for some.
How are Pembroke Welsh Corgis with Children?
While generally good with kids, the Pembroke Welsh Corgi is a herding breed and may nip or herd children if not provided enough stimulation. They may also lack some of the patience non-herding breeds may exhibit.
As with every breed, you should always teach children how to approach and touch dogs and always supervise any interactions between dogs and young children to prevent any biting or ear or tail pulling on the part of either party. Teach your child never to approach any dog while he’s eating or sleeping or trying to take the dog’s food away. No dog, no matter how friendly, should ever be left unsupervised with a child.
The earlier you socialize your Pembroke Welsh Corgi with kids, the better they will be around kids later. If you don’t have kids now, you can get a Pembroke Welsh Corgi, but make sure you train it to behave around smaller kids and babies.
How are Pembroke Welsh Corgis with Neighbors or Guests?
Pembroke Welsh Corgis, as a breed, are very affectionate, thinking everyone is their friend. They will snuggle up with anyone willing. Of course, if you’re there, your Pembroke Welsh Corgi will accept anyone you introduce. Neighbors and familiar guests will be welcomed as part of the family.
What are the Physical Traits of the Pembroke Welsh Corgi?
The Pembroke Welsh Corgi has a longer body than it is tall and his is stance is that of an alert, sharp canine with an observant gaze. The Pembroke Welsh Corgi has big, upright ears and a nub for a tail. His build is a sturdy frame, which allows for maximum speed and flexibility. The eyes of this spirited breed are dark brown with black rims.
Despite his body being low to the ground, he is quite effective at herding and maintains excellent drive. The Pembroke Welsh Corgi has a dense medium-length undercoat that is water-resistant. The outer coat is coarse, long, and straight. Coat colors range from black and tan, fawn, and red, to sable with white markings.
This breed has a foxy-looking appearance in terms of its head, with a relatively wide and flat skull between the ears. His nose is black and fully pigmented, and the mouth contains the inner side of the upper incisors touching the outer side of the lower incisors.
Trait |
Trait information |
Size |
Medium |
Weight |
Males 24 to 31 pounds Females 24 to 28 pounds |
Height |
Males 10 to 12 inches Females 10 to 11 inches |
Skull/ Head |
Fox-shaped |
Eyes |
Medium, oval, variations of brown in harmony with coat color |
Ears |
Small, rounded, erect |
Muzzle |
Slightly tapering |
Nose |
Black |
Bite |
Scissors |
Exercise Needs |
High |
Lifespan |
12 to 14 years |
Coat |
Undercoat – dense short water-proof Outer coat – coarse, medium-length, and straight |
Coat color |
Red, sable, fawn, black, or tri-color, and they may present with or without white marking |
Tail |
Born without a tail |
Legs |
Short forelegs turn in slightly, muscular hindquarters |
How to Feed a Pembroke Welsh Corgi?
Your Pembroke Welsh Corgi’s adult size determines its dietary needs through all life stages. Thus, base your Pembroke Welsh Corgi’s diet on a medium breed’s unique nutritional and digestive needs throughout its different life stages. Most dog food companies have breed-specific formulas for small, medium, large, giant, and even toy breeds.
It is always a good idea to discuss your dog’s dietary needs with your vet to ensure you are prepared to deal with age-related issues as your Pembroke Welsh Corgi grows. A veterinarian can advise on diets, portion sizes, meal frequencies, and all nutrition matters to ensure your furry friend lives a long life with optimal health. Clean, fresh water should be available at all times, and some of the essential nutrients are listed below:
- Protein
- Fatty acids
- Carbohydrates
- Minerals
- Vitamins
Avoid feeding your Pembroke Welsh Corgi from the table; all it does is add weight; instead, follow the advice below to ensure your furry friend’s optimal health.
Despite the Corgi’s small size, it is an agile, athletic breed that needs food containing animal proteins and carbohydrates for energy, vitamins and minerals for digestive and immune health, and omega fatty acids for coat and skin wellness. A dog of this size, activity level, and demeanor will thrive best on premium dry food because this food type contains balanced portions of the above-listed ingredients.
However, your Pembroke Welsh Corgi’s daily portion depends on life stage, health, metabolism, activity level, and of course, the brand and formula of food it eats. Feed your PWC food formulated for a small or medium breed with recipes for puppies, adults, and seniors, or look for a brand developed for all life stages.
The Pembroke Welsh Corgi’s daily cups of food should be spread over 2 to 3 meals per day. Feeding Corgis several meals instead of one meal per day can prevent life-threatening bloat. However, fresh drinking water must always be available for your furry friend. When in doubt, consult your veterinarian.
An example of premium food specially formulated for Corgis and its benefits is listed below:
The best dry dog food for Pembroke Welsh Corgis is Merrick Classic Healthy Grains Dry Dog Food with Real Meat.
This delicious dry food for dogs features real protein as the very first ingredient in the five recipes of this Merrick formula. It’s combined with essential vitamins and minerals for a complete and balanced diet that includes brown rice and ancient grains such as quinoa to aid in digestion. This dry dog food is developed with high levels of omega fatty acids to help promote healthy skin and a shiny coat while glucosamine and chondroitin support hip and joint function. It is perfect for helping dogs build healthy muscles and does not contain any potatoes, peas, or lentils.
Below is a list of the benefits offered by the five Merrick Classic Healthy Grains Dry Dog Food formulas in this range:
- Protein-Packed: With responsibly sourced real meat meal, containing almost 300% more protein than fresh meat, as the first ingredient, these recipes are packed with animal protein for strong, lean muscles in small breed dogs.
- Omegas 3 and 6: Naturally occurring omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids support skin and coat health.
- Antioxidants: Antioxidant-rich vegetables and fruits help support immune health.
- Probiotics: Guaranteed levels of live, natural probiotics are included to support your dog’s digestive health.
When Pembroke Welsh Corgis are healthy and active, every day is an adventure. That’s why Merrick Classic Healthy Grains Dry Dog Food formulas are crafted with everything dogs need to thrive, starting with real protein as the first ingredient.
How Much Should a Pembroke Welsh Corgi Puppy Eat?
The Pembroke Welsh Corgi is a small breed whose puppies need high-quality puppy food formulated for a small breed dog like the Pembroke Welsh Corgi. It is essential not to feed puppies all their food at once, and they should have it spread over the day. When Pembroke Welsh Corgi puppies become three months old, owners can provide them with three meals per day until they reach six months, reducing the food intake to 2 meals per day. Only high-quality and branded puppy food is acceptable. Guidance for feeding puppies is listed below.
- Pembroke Welsh Corgi puppies need slow, sustained growth to help prevent orthopedic problems, such as hip dysplasia. Raise them on a diet designed for small-breed puppies. Whatever diet you choose shouldn’t overemphasize protein, fat, and calorie levels.
- Pembroke Welsh Corgis should be fed according to a schedule, spreading meal times two or three times per day. Getting the puppy accustomed to meals at specific times is better than leaving food out to allow feeding throughout the day.
- The exceptions are Pembroke Welsh Corgis with medical conditions like hypoglycemia or low blood sugar because they need to nibble bits of food throughout the day.
- Never feed your puppy from the table. It only encourages begging. Everyone in the family must follow this rule.
What are the Health Tests that a Pembroke Welsh Corgis Should Take?
Pembroke Welsh Corgis can be affected by several genetic health problems. Screening not only your puppy’s parents but also your dog for these conditions is a lifesaving necessity.
Pembroke Welsh Corgi breeders should also have the following health tests done:
DNA Tests covering 7 main categories:
- Musculoskeletal and Dental
- Haemolymphatic
- Skin and Immune
- Urogenital
- Metabolic and Endocrine
- Ophthalmological
- Neurological
Other tests and Xrays: Hip and Elbow Evaluation, Patella Check, General Health Check, including Heart, Vaccines, Fleas, and Worms.
What are the common health problems of Pembroke Welsh Corgis?
All dogs have the potential to develop genetic health problems, just as all people have the potential to inherit a particular disease. The Pembroke Welsh Corgi breed is predisposed to several health conditions, some of which can be identified through DNA tests. However, even healthy Pembroke Welsh Corgis should have regular veterinarian checkups. Owners should ensure the following list of health conditions are monitored throughout the dog’s life.
- Chondrodysplasia is a type of dwarfism in Pembroke Welsh Corgis. It causes their limbs to harden at the tips and stop growing early. The short-legged silhouette was perfect for herding cattle, so breeding for the characteristic passed on the trait to the modern-day Corgi.
- Hip dysplasia is a deformation that occurs and develops as Pembroke Welsh Corgi puppies grow. It is caused by loose joints that prevent the ball part of one bone from sliding smoothly in the socket of the other joint bone. Instead, it grinds and rubs in the joint, causing painful wear and tear damage as the Pembroke Welsh Corgi ages.
- Elbow dysplasia happens when the growth of the elbow is disturbed. A condition called elbow dysplasia may ensue. While this condition is generally inherited, other factors, such as nutrition and exercise, also play a role in its development. Most dogs will display symptoms before the age of one – though some may not show any signs until several years old.
- Von Willebrand’s Disease is a platelet disorder affecting blood clotting in Corgis and other breeds.
- Progressive Retinal Atrophy (PRA) is a progressive degenerative disease affecting the retina, leading to blindness.
- Gastric Dilatation Volvulus (GDV) or Gastric Torsion – often known as ‘bloat’, is a life-threatening disorder that happens when a dog’s stomach fills with gas and becomes twisted. To protect your pup from GDV, feed your dog smaller meals throughout the day and wait an hour before and after mealtimes before exercising.
- Epilepsy Seizures – are a disorder that causes seizures in the dog. Epilepsy can be treated with medication, but it cannot be cured. A dog can live a full and healthy life properly managing this hereditary disorder.
- Hypothyroidism Insufficient production of thyroid hormone, causing hair loss, dry skin and coat, and susceptibility to other skin diseases in Pembroke Welsh Corgis.
- Cryptorchidism is the medical term that refers to the failure of one or both testicles (testes) to descend into the scrotum. The testes develop near the kidneys within the abdomen and normally descend into the scrotum by two months of age. In certain dogs, it may occur later, but rarely after six months of age.
- Degenerative myelopathy is a progressive paralysis primarily in Corgi dogs where the spinal cord degenerates and causes rear limb weakness. This is a type of progressive paralysis that cannot be cured, and the form that affects the Pembroke typically progresses very rapidly. Fortunately, a DNA test for DM is available.
- Intervertebral disk disease is common in dog breeds like Corgis with long backs. Intervertebral Disc Disease is a gradual, age-related, degenerative process that affects the spinal cord of the dog over a period of time. IVDD occurs when the shock-absorbing discs between your dog’s vertebrae gradually begin to harden until they are no longer able to cushion the vertebrae normally.
You can minimize the chances of serious health concerns in a Pembroke Welsh Corgi by purchasing a PWC from a reputable breeder who engages in responsible breeding practices and screening for common diseases and conditions.
Are Pembroke Welsh Corgis Hypoallergenic?
Pembroke Welsh Corgis are not hypoallergenic dogs, and people with tendencies to suffer severe allergies might want to choose a different breed. Corgis have double coats, which are known for above-average shedding, and frequent brushing can limit the number of loose hairs and dander spread by your Corgi.
What is the Exercise Need of a Pembroke Welsh Corgi?
Despite its small and diminutive size, the Pembroke Welsh Corgi is a strong and athletic dog with excellent stamina; after all, it was originally bred to herd cattle. It will probably need more than an hour of exercise per day. Walks or jogs, fetching, and general playtime all work well to satisfy its exercise requirements, but if you go too fast, it might not be able to keep up with you on account of its short legs. This breed also excels at all kinds of herding and agility challenges.
Although small and powerful, Pembroke Welsh Corgis have relatively weak limbs that shouldn’t be stressed during their primary growing time, lest they develop joint and hip complications as they age. Your Pembroke is a small canine that requires gentle play, and this means no aggressive running and no over-tiring your puppy in the name of training.
However, as your canine companion matures, you can be sure of a capable jogging companion. Keep the following limits in mind.
Running Miles: Corgis are sprinters, not distance runners. They may be up for running around one or two miles, perhaps more if they are in good health and well-conditioned.
Hiking Miles: A fit Corgi may be able to hike between six and eight miles at a moderate pace. Rigorous hikes should wait until after a Corgi reaches one year of age to allow proper growth. Backpacks are not recommended for Corgis to prevent back injuries.
What are the nutritional needs of Pembroke Welsh Corgis?
The nutritional needs of a Pembroke Welsh Corgi include high levels of specific nutrients. The essential nutrients for the PWC are listed below.
- Protein: Corgis need natural animal protein, valuable for the amino acids essential for PWC health. Equally important is the fact that protein builds lean muscles and provides energy.
- Fat: Animal protein provides adequate fat, an additional energy source that boosts the Pembroke Welsh Corgi’s metabolism. However, there is a fine line between enough and too much. Excessive fat levels in the dog’s daily diet could result in weight gain and, ultimately, obesity. Most importantly, adults and senior Corgis need lower fat levels than puppies.
- Carbohydrates: Although carbs are not essential nutrients, they are crucial energy sources. Giving the Pembroke sufficient carbs will provide energy, encouraging the body’s protein absorption to build lean muscle. Beware, though, that too much carbohydrates can lead to obesity.
- DHA: DHA is one of the components of omega-3 fatty acids. It promotes proper eye and brain development in Pembroke Welsh Corgi puppies, and DHA develops cognitive development in puppies and slows cognitive decline in older dogs. Furthermore, omega fatty acids benefit aging Corgis by treating chronic kidney disease and canine arthritis. Omega-3 oils improve the coat health of a Pembroke.
- Micronutrient: Taurine is one micronutrient that aids heart health, and other valuable micronutrients for promoting strong joints in Pembroke Welsh Corgis are chondroitin and glucosamine.
- Minerals: Beneficial minerals for a Pembroke Welsh Corgi’s growth include a healthy balance of phosphorus and calcium. Pre- and probiotics and chelated minerals provide additional health to the diets of Corgis.
What is the Shedding Level of Pembroke Welsh Corgis?
Pembroke Welsh Corgis are double-coated. These pups shed year-round and “blow” their coats twice yearly in the spring and fall. That means massive shedding all over your place! Because of the amount of shedding your Corgi does, this breed is not suitable for a home with allergy sufferers.
What is the Coat Grooming Frequency of Pembroke Welsh Corgis?
Pembrokes are easy to groom, but shedding can be a problem if you don’t keep up with the brushing, especially during the heavier seasonal shedding. When they are shedding the most, daily brushing is recommended. You only need to bathe them as needed, but many people find that regular bathing also helps control heavy shedding.
Note: Overbathing will strip Corgis of their protective oils and destroy their coat’s water resistance. So keep bathing to a minimum, it would be best to rinse any dirt off with clear water without shampoo or other chemicals.
Coat grooming is essential for various reasons, as listed below.
- Grooming gives your dog a healthy look and promotes hygiene.
- Proper grooming lowers the risks of skin infections.
- Grooming promotes the growth and development of a lustrous and shiny coat.
- Grooming allows you to check for fleas and take early preventive and treatment measures.
- Proper grooming lowers the risks of ear infections since you can check the ears and wipe them dry after grooming regularly.
- While grooming, you can check the skin folds for any skin problems and alert the vet before they worsen.
- Grooming boosts the bond between you and your Pembroke Welsh Corgi Dog.
Your dog should be calm during grooming. Short walks before the grooming session could calm your Pembroke Welsh Corgi enough to make the grooming process the ideal time for bonding with your furry friend. You can also give your Pembrokes their favorite treats to munch on while you groom them. Grooming must be enjoyable and a stress-free process for your Corgis
What is the Drooling Level of Pembroke Welsh Corgis?
As a Pembroke owner, you could expect to find a below-average tendency to drool. However, drooling is a natural process, and the primary triggers of drooling are listed below, which, in Corgis, will increase drooling levels. In the event of unusual excessive drooling, a trip to the vet is recommended.
- The thought of delicious meals like a favorite treat or meat
- Mouth and throat problems like fractures in the mouth, throat, or esophagus.
- Plaque build-up can also irritate the mouth and cause excessive saliva.
- A foreign object stuck in the throat prevents swallowing, thus causing drooling.
- Growth in the mouth also stimulates drooling.
- Stomach upsets.
- Excessive heat, especially during summer
- The main symptom of diseases like kidney disease, liver problems, seizures, botulism, and rabies is drooling.
- Motion sickness and anxiety. Dogs who do not like traveling will get anxious whenever they board a car. Stress makes dogs pant and breathes with open mouths, thus causing drooling.
- Excitement and agitation make dogs drool.
- Sexual excitement, like when a male Pembroke Welsh Corgi spots a female Pembroke Welsh Corgi in heat, causes drooling. Likewise, a female in her heat cycle might drool if she picks up the scent of a male.
What is the Coat Type of the Pembroke Welsh Corgi?
The Pembroke Welsh Corgi’s double coat consists of a soft but dense undercoat and a slightly longer coarse topcoat.
What is the Coat Lenght of the Pembroke Welsh Corgi?
The Pembroke Welsh Corgi has a medium-length undercoat, covered by a longer overcoat, with a thick ruff around the neck. Red, sable, fawn, black, or tri-color are the five primary Pembroke Welsh Corgi colors, and they may present with or without white markings.
What are the Social Traits of the Pembroke Welsh Corgi Breed?
Pembroke Welsh corgis are very intelligent, active, and loyal. Pembrokes tend to be good with other dogs and cats part of their household, especially if they were raised together. However, they can be territorial around other dogs and cats as the breed was developed to drive off strange dogs around the flocks. This might lead to aggression at the dog park or against animals that enter your yard. Other social traits of the PWC are listed below.
- Elderly-friendly: Pembroke Welsh Corgis love playing with their family, from children to grandparents. However, they are highly energetic and need at least 60 minutes of vigorous exercise each day. In a multi-generational home, the older family members can share the quiet times with the Pembroke Welsh Corgis while the younger generation deals with playtime and walking or jogging.
- Children-friendly: Pembroke Welsh Corgis enjoy running around or chasing after children with herd-playing their favorite game. Their innate herding instincts remain strong, and Corgis are always looking for opportunities to nip ankles. However, Pembroke Welsh Corgis are sensible enough to care when young children are part of the play, but supervision is essential in such circumstances. Socialization is vital for kids and dogs.
- Family-friendly: Pembroke Welsh Corgis are the perfect canine companions for active families. They are not couch potatoes and prefer to spend most of their time outside. Pembroke Welsh Corgis will always be ready to join a family member jogging, skateboarding, cycling, or hiking.
- Pet-friendly: Pembroke Welsh Corgis can get along great with cats and other animals, especially if they’re raised with them. However, the innate herding instincts of the Pembroke Welsh Corgi might cause some ankle nipping and pet herding.
How Do Pembroke Welsh Corgis Interact with Strangers?
The Pembroke Welsh Corgi is protective of his family and will alert them to any strangers and defend them against any dangers present. Cautious around strangers, the PWC must be trained early to know when to accept the presence of unfamiliar people.
Is the Pembroke Welsh Corgi Playful?
Pembroke Welsh Corgis are very playful with children, adults, and senior citizens and make excellent family dogs. Unlike most small dogs, the Pembroke instinctively knows to be careful when young children are part of the play. However, Corgis have another inherited trait that has them herding other pets and children whenever the opportunity presents itself.
They might nip the heels of young children, and although it might not even hurt, it could cause fear in the children. Parents should never let their young children play with dogs, regardless of size, unsupervised. Having your dog and your children socialized will give peace of mind.
Are Pembroke Welsh Corgis Protective?
This observant breed will bark when necessary to warn off trespassers. Instinctively loyal, trustworthy, alert, and protective, Corgis take their job as protectors of the household seriously. They were bred to watch over cattle and other farm animals, so guarding their home and family is in their nature.
What is the Adaptability Level of Pembroke Welsh Corgis?
Pembroke Welsh Corgis are highly adaptable. Even if relocating from a farm or a ranch to an apartment in the city, they will quickly adapt if they are not separated from their human families and have ample outside play space. However, they are ideal companion dogs for older people, and they could even live happily in an apartment if the owner can provide enough opportunities for exercise. Insufficient exercise time will likely cause boredom, followed by destructive behavior.
What are the Personality Traits of Pembroke Welsh Corgis?
This Pembroke Welsh Corgi is a fun-loving herding dog that resembles a fox with his prick ears, wedge-shaped head, and thick coat. He is bold but kind and likes to be in charge, or at least constantly involved in everything that’s going on. Most often, he’s a family companion, but he can still herd with the best of them.
Corgis are affectionate and attentive, and they are adorable and look naturally huggable. But as energetic herding dogs, they may not always like to be held, restrained, or cuddled. However, you may have a corgi that does like cuddling, but always honor how much your dog prefers to be touched.
The Corgi loves to be around people, get involved with his family, and keep his brain occupied. He is active and bold in terms of decisions in the field. As a companion, this sprightly Corgi protects his family and will alert them to any strangers.
They are known for being happy, loving, and intelligent, but with a stubborn or independent streak at times. They are easy to train but don’t expect your Pembroke to be subservient. They like to think for themselves. Corgis also make good watchdogs. They can be suspicious of strangers and quick to bark if they feel that something or someone is threatening their home and family.
Like every dog, the PWC needs early socialization, exposure to many different people, sights, sounds, and experiences, when they’re young. Socialization helps ensure that your Pembroke puppy grows up to be a well-rounded dog.
Can Pembroke Welsh Corgis be Aggressive?
Pembroke Welsh Corgis may seem like a calm and lazy breed, but they always know what’s going on around them, even if it doesn’t seem that way. They will be ready at a moment’s notice if they feel that you are under threat. They aren’t usually aggressive, but they will show aggression if the threat persists.
Can Pembroke Welsh Corgis be Dangerous?
Like any other animal, a Pembroke Welsh Corgi will become aggressive if they are scared or have to defend themselves or their families. Pembroke Welsh Corgis’ aggression may manifest as growling or snarling, especially at strangers near their homes. Putting themselves between you and a stranger could become a dangerous situation.
Do Pembroke Welsh Corgis Ever Attack?
Pembroke Welsh Corgis are more standoffish than aggressive with people they don’t know. If they weren’t properly socialized as pups, they could be aggressive towards other dogs. But for the most part, Pembroke Welsh Corgis stand their ground and won’t go on the offensive unless clearly provoked or they sense immediate danger to themselves or their family.
Can Pembroke Welsh Corgis Kill Humans?
No, Pembroke Welsh Corgis are not likely to kill humans, and no record of such deaths could be found. Pembroke Welsh Corgis are exceptionally protective of their human families, but certain circumstances could drive any dog to attack violently.
Events that could cause a violent attack include attacks on their human families, protecting their own safety, and mistreatment by their owners. Whatever the circumstances, serious provocation must be present to trigger a violent attack by a Pembroke, with minimal chances of launching fatal attacks.
Do Pembroke Welsh Corgis cope with being left alone?
Pembroke Welsh Corgis can live alone for a few hours without any problems but they are not the kind of canines that you could leave alone for a long time.
Can I leave my Pembroke Welsh Corgi at home?
While Pembroke Welsh Corgis may be left alone for four to eight hours during the day, the highly social Corgi thrives on family interaction. Their high energy level means the Corgi requires plenty of exercise throughout the day. However, boredom and separation anxiety can be avoided if only one person can remain home with the Corgi.
Can Pembroke Welsh Corgis be left alone for 8 hours?
Pembroke Welsh Corgis need company, and they do not enjoy spending time alone for many hours and may develop separation anxiety. Don’t get a Pembroke Welsh Corgi if you must leave him on his own for hours on end. You can, however, leave him alone for short periods. Corgis shouldn’t be left on their own all day.
They were bred as a herding breed, which means they are used to the company of other animals and their master. Like humans, dogs can feel lonely and sad when spending time alone. If there is no other way, getting a dog walker or a sitter for a part of the day could prevent separation anxiety in your precious Corgi.
Do Pembroke Welsh Corgis Have High Energy?
Pembroke Welsh corgis can be excellent, loyal, and happy companions for the right household, as long as their exercise, grooming, and training needs are met. Too much unreleased energy and a lack of training can lead to excessive barking and other behavior problems.
How to Train a Pembroke Welsh Corgi?
Training Pembroke Welsh Corgis requires a calm, firm, and confident manner. Owners should set the rules for the breed to follow. It would be best if you were consistent and never faltered. However, be gentle while showing an air of authority. Being meek or passive will make your Pembroke Welsh Corgi think he is dominant over you. If that is the case, the dog will never listen and may become willful, stubborn, and obstinate. Pembroke Welsh Corgis are highly intelligent and obedient, so training them is typically easy. Below is a list of a few tools to help the process.
- Praise good behavior by making a fuss. Your Pembroke Welsh Corgi will know if you fake it.
- Time commands wisely because corrections after the fact will confuse your Pembroke.
- Be consistent and persistent. Never let it slip because your Corgi will learn to obey only sometimes.
- Be the pack leader and show happiness while training your PWC.
- Making your Pembroke Welsh Corgi sit and wait for your command to start eating will confirm your status as pack leader.
- Training your Pem with love in your heart will avoid your Pembroke Welsh Corgi seeing training as punishment.
Are Corgis Easy to Potty Train?
Potty training for the first time could be overwhelming. Below are several tips to simplify potty training for a Pembroke Welsh Corgi puppy.
- One of the most important aspects of potty training your Pembroke Welsh Corgi puppy is to use a phrase they learn to always link with going potty.
- It could be “go potty,” “go pee-pee,” or any other short term to repeat every time as soon as the Corgi pup is taken outdoors or to his puppy pad. After a few repetitions, your tiny canine companion will immediately associate the magic words with going potty.
- The next step is to build a potty routine. You will soon learn that your puppy’s bowel and bladder are pretty predictable, and the pup’s eating and sleeping times will be the basis of the routine. Take your Pembroke puppy out to go potty immediately after it wakes up in the morning and after daytime naps, and also before bedtime in the evening.
- Furthermore, you should also take the puppy out every 30 minutes or one hour if it does not take many naps throughout the day.
- When your Pembroke Welsh Corgi puppy has finished his pee or poop in the right place, give them a reward or positive reinforcement with praise. By rewarding good behavior, you will start a pattern of success, leading to far faster housebreaking and potty training.
How Frequently does a Pembroke Welsh Corgi Bark?
Pembroke Welsh Corgis are an observant breed that will bark when necessary to warn off trespassers. Instinctively loyal, trustworthy, alert, and protective, Corgis take their job as protectors of the household seriously. They were bred to watch over cattle and other farm animals, so guarding their home and family is in their nature.
Because of his herding background, he has a watchful nature and will bark to ward off critters or alert you to the presence of someone approaching the house. That’s a plus, but he can become a nuisance barker if you don’t teach him when to turn the sound on and off.
Most dogs have different-sounding barks for different purposes, and after all, that is the only way canines can have their say.
Below is a list of bark types that owners will learn to recognize.
- Pembroke Welsh Corgis hate being left alone, and one way of coping with loneliness is barking.
- A lack of exercise and anxiety can also trigger barking.
- Alarm barking is when your Pembroke Welsh Corgi is barking as a way of alerting you of approaching danger. Alarm barking can save you from danger; however, Corgis may bark before ascertaining that there is a real danger.
- Another type of barking is demand barking, where a Pembroke Welsh Corgi feels entitled to something or your attention and would bark as a way of demanding their rights. This type can be lowered through proper training and ignoring the barking.
- The Pembroke Welsh Corgi uses arousal barking to show their frustrations.
- Boredom barking signals that your Pembroke Welsh Corgi is tired or bored due to being left alone or infrequent exercises.
- Frequent barking can be a nuisance to both the owner and neighbors. Some types of barking tend to be monotonous and continuous.
Even though Pembroke Welsh Corgis are not typically nuisance barkers, knowing their language might come in handy. However, if your Pembroke Welsh Corgi is the exception to the rule, below are some positive and negative motivators that might help to change your canine companion’s barking habits.
- Whenever your Pembroke starts barking, command him to be quiet, and if your Pembroke Welsh Corgi obeys, reward him with his favorite treat or toy. If he disobeys your command, withdraw some benefits like not giving him his favorite toy.
- Engage Pembroke Welsh Corgi in her favorite activity or exercise. Tired Corgis might sleep while you are away.
- Look for attractive toys that would keep your Pembroke Welsh Corgi busy while you are away.
- Continuous barking might call for a visit to the vet.
What is the need for Mental Stimulation of a Pembroke Welsh Corgi?
Constant stimulation throughout the day is required to keep your Pembroke Welsh Corgi happy. Brain games are a great and easy way to stimulate his mind, so be sure to rotate a few of these games throughout the week to keep him occupied.
Corgis are smart and learn fast, and they need regular mental stimulation. The playful and intelligent nature of Corgis further calls for frequent mental activity. There are different ways of mentally stimulating your Pembroke Welsh Corgi, and some of them are listed below.
- Playing with interactive games or toys, including dog puzzles and canine board games.
- Encourage sniffing during regular evening walks.
- Provide healthy chews like dehydrated sweet potato strips. Chewing for more extended periods calms the brain, thus lowering stress levels.
- Hide and seek games
- Drop and fetch games
- Regular walks
These mental stimulation techniques should start at an early stage. Pembroke Welsh Corgis who are Six years and older tend to have problems with their thinking ability. The primary signs of mental disorientation are listed below.
- Excessive anxiety
- Frequent accidents
- Failure to recall previously learned commands
- Changes in sleep and wake patterns
- Low interest in physical activities
- Poor social skills
What are the Breed Standards of Pembroke Welsh Corgi?
Among the most agreeable small house dogs, the Pembroke Welsh Corgi is a strong, athletic, and lively little herder who is affectionate and companionable without being needy. They are one of the world’s most popular herding breeds. A well-built male Pembroke presents a big dog in a small package at 10 to 12 inches at the shoulder and 27 to 30 pounds.
Short but powerful legs, muscular thighs, and a deep chest equip him for a hard day’s work. Built long and low, Pembrokes are surprisingly quick and agile. The Pembroke is a bright, sensitive dog who enjoys playing with his human family and responds well to training.
As herders bred to move cattle, they are fearless and independent. They are vigilant watchdogs with acute senses and a ‘big dog’ bark. Families who can meet their bold but kindly Pembroke’s need for activity and togetherness will never have a more loyal, loving pet.
Some of the breed standards of Pembroke Welsh Corgis are given in the table below.
Breed Standards |
Pembroke Welsh Corgi Breed Information |
Color |
Red, sable, fawn, and black and tan, with or without white markings |
Size |
Pembroke Welsh Corgis are classified as small to medium breed |
Eye Color |
Variations of brown in harmony with coat color |
Average Weight |
26 pounds. |
Average Height |
11″ high at the withers |
Average lifespan |
Pembroke Welsh Corgi Dogs have a lifespan of 12 to 14 years |
What is the General Information about Pembroke Welsh Corgi?
Corgis originated in Wales as early as the 1100s. It is believed that the Pembroke Welsh Corgi was bred from various breeds when it was first developed. The Keeshond, Schipperke, Pomeranian, Samoyed, Chow-Chow, Norwegian Elkhound, and Finnish Spitz are all thought to be part of the ancestry of this lively canine.
The name Corgi comes from the combination of two Welsh words: “cor” for dwarf and “gi” for dog. According to Welsh lore, these dogs were initially owned by fairies and elves. The Corgis helped pull these magical creatures’ tiny carts and carriages as comparative giants. The patch of darker fur on the back is sometimes called a fairy’s saddle.
Known as one of the most agreeable small house dogs, loyal Corgis are perhaps famous for being the Queen’s favorite breed. While Her Majesty’s last remaining Corgi died in 2018, she spent her life loving the small adorable breed. According to previous research, it’s thought the Queen has had over 30 Corgis throughout her 63-year reign.
The Queen first fell in love with the breed in 1933 when her father, King George VI, gifted a corgi to Elizabeth and Margaret. They have been in the royal family ever since, becoming well-known little royal-approved pups.
Where to Buy or Adopt a Pembroke Welsh Corgi?
A purebred Pembroke Welsh Corgi’s price can range between $1,200 and $1,800. Lower prices are generally available within shelters and rescues, but puppies can cost as much as $5,000 from top breeders.
If you want to bring a Pembroke Welsh Corgi home, you should not rush. The only “purebreds” available upon request are not the real thing and are likely bred on puppy farms. The more realistic way is to put your name on a waiting list, and while you’re waiting, learn as much as you can about this giant dog in the cutest little dog body.
Finding a reputable breeder or rescue facility is crucial. A good breeder will match you with the right puppy and will, without question, have done all the health certifications necessary to screen out health problems as much as possible. They are more interested in placing pups in suitable homes than making big bucks.
Be wary of breeders who only tell you the good things about the breed or make irrational promises to promote the dogs. Be especially suspicious when you are offered a two-for-the-price-of-one deal.
Pembroke Welsh Corgi puppies are adorable, and it’s one of the reasons they are so popular. Cute puppies sell, making the Pembroke Welsh Corgi a favorite of puppy mills and greedy, irresponsible breeders. Do your homework before buying one of these little dogs, and you’ll be well rewarded with a beautiful companion dog.
The best way to ensure you get a healthy Pembroke Welsh Corgi puppy from a breeder or a rescue organization is to reach out to the registered organizations for the specific breed, if available. The Pembroke Welsh Corgi is recognized by the AKC, UKC, and FIC, listed below, along with other registered kennel clubs that might put potential Pembroke Welsh Corgi owners in touch with reputable breeders.
- Fédération Cynologique Internationale (International)
- United Kennel Club (International)
- The Kennel Club (United Kingdom)
- American Kennel Club Market Place
- Europetnet
- Canadian Kennel Club
- Continental Kennel Club
- United All Breed Registry
- International Canine Association
- New Zealand Kennel Club
- Australian National Kennel Council
- Pembroke Welsh Corgi Club of America
- Pembroke Welsh Corgi Rescue Foundation
- Let Alone Creek Corgis Baskerville, Virginia
- Carlins Kennel Zebulon, North Carolina
- Jimanie Pembroke Welsh Corgi Lexington, South Carolina
If you manage to track down Pembroke Welsh Corgi breeders, make sure you go to the facility and insist on meeting both the puppies’ parents so that you can get a feel for their temperament. Pembroke Welsh Corgi puppies are often peppy and playful, all should have cheery expressions and kind eyes.
It might take some time to find a legitimate breeder, and travel may very well be in the cards. Steer clear of backyard breeding by avoiding sales sites and ad pages. When you select a breeder, make sure they have proof of successful, healthy litters with any documentation necessary.
You might find a Pembroke Welsh Corgi puppy or a rescued adult to adopt or buy from abroad, but not all countries allow importing adopted dogs. Those whose countries will enable the importation of Pembroke Welsh Corgis may find the logistics challenging.
Procedures include obtaining certification from a vet to prove the Pembroke Welsh Corgi is fully vaccinated and providing all the additional required veterinary documents before the travel. Furthermore, your country must approve the veterinarian to authorize the importation, and it will be your responsibility to ensure you use the services of a certified vet.
What are the Rescue Clubs for Pembroke Welsh Corgis?
There are millions of homeless dogs worldwide; many are purebreds needing homes. Adopting a Pembroke Welsh Corgi can be life-changing, not only for the dog but also for the adopter. If you prefer adoption over purchasing a pup from a breeder, then your first stop should be the National Pembroke Welsh Corgi Rescue website. A Pembroke Welsh Corgi rescue group is an excellent idea if you want to adopt an older dog or even a Pembroke Welsh Corgi mix.
Pembroke Welsh Corgi mixes may be available for adoption in shelters and rescues. If you want to adopt an AKC registered or a mixed breed Pembroke Welsh Corgi, the best first step is to contact shelters and breed-specific rescues to let them know you’re interested.
Below is a list of several Pembroke Welsh Corgi mixes.
- Auggie (Pembroke Welsh Corgi x Australian Shepherd)
- Horgskii (Pembroke Welsh Corgi x Husky)
- Spitzgi (Pembroke Welsh Corgi x Spitz)
- Corgidor (Pembroke Welsh Corgi x Labrador Retriever)
- Corgi Inu (Pembroke Welsh Corgi x Shiba Inu)
- Beagi (Pembroke Welsh Corgi x Beagle)
- Corgitian (Corgi x Dalmatian)
Pembroke Welsh Corgi mixes adopted from a shelter may share physical characteristics of the breed, but their temperament may not match the breed standard. Shelters and rescues attempt to determine each dog’s personality through a series of evaluations; even if the dog’s temperament does not follow the breed standard, you can get the dog that suits your home.
The adoption fee for a Pembroke Welsh Corgi from a rescue group or animal shelter will probably be between $150 and $200. Most dogs from rescue groups and shelters will be vaccinated, microchipped, spayed/neutered, and vetted before adoption
You can also reach out to your local rescue organization or animal shelter and ask if they have any Pembroke Welsh Corgis or related mixes available for adoption. If not, you can always put your name on a list so that when one comes in, you’re the first one they call.
Below is a list of registered rescue centers and kennel clubs to reach out to for guidance.
- Canada Guide To Dogs (National Pembroke Welsh Corgi Rescue, Inc.)
- Canada Pembroke Welsh Corgi Dog Rescue Group
- US Pembroke Welsh Corgi Club’s rescue network
- EuroBreeder.com
- Pembroke Welsh Corgi Relief & Rescue
- Pembroke Welsh Corgi Rescue Foundation
- American Pembroke Welsh Corgi Club (CCA) Rescue Network
- Corgi RescueMe USA All States
- Lakeshore Pembroke Welsh Corgi Rescue
Facebook is another resource for pet adoption. You can search for Pembroke Welsh Corgi rescue groups in your region.
You can also search for adoptable Pembroke Welsh Corgis online through reliable websites such as
- Petfinder.com
- Adopt-a-pet.com
- Getyourpet.com
- AnimalShelter.org
- pembrokecorgirescue.webs.com/ – For finding your local Corgi rescue or club
What is the History of the Pembroke Welsh Corgi?
The Pembroke Welsh Corgi originated in Pembrokeshire, Wales, as early as 1107 A.D. The exact origin is unclear, but it is said that either the Vikings, Celts, or Flemish introduced the breed to Wales.
In the 1860s, Queen Victoria discovered the Pembroke Welsh Corgi during a vacation to Balmoral Castle in Scotland. The royal seal of approval immediately caused demand for the breed to boom. By 1877, Pembroke Welsh Corgis were being shown at the Westminster Kennel Club show, where they were taken up by wealthy dog lovers, including J.P. Morgan. The Welsh Corgi was first brought to America in the 1930s by American breeder Mrs. Lewis Roesler of Massachusetts.
Fines and punishments were issued historically to anyone who attempted to steal or harm a Corgi, so well-loved was this plucky dog for its hardworking nature.
What is the Average Maintenance Cost for Pembroke Welsh Corgis?
The prices of Pembroke Welsh Corgis range between $1,200 and $1,800. The cost of a puppy from a registered breeder could vary, depending on the breeder you select, the location, the sex of the puppy, and, of course, the demand for the breed at the time.
The bloodline of the puppy and its parents could also affect the price. You will be hard-pressed to find this breed in a shelter, but if you do, the price could be $300 to $500, based on the cost of care provided while keeping the Pembroke Welsh Corgi and extras like vaccinations and sterilizations.
It is always best to consider annual expenses related to maintaining your Pembroke Welsh Corgi and its wellbeing before making the purchase. The first year will be the most expensive, as puppies require extra vet care and more one-time purchases like microchips, sterilization, licensing, etc. You can expect to spend about $6,900 for your dog’s first year. After that, the price will go down to about $2,100 a year.
Food and medical only, excluding toys, food and water bowls, cages, doggy blankets, beds, etc., could cost an average of $850. The most regular annual expenses for dogs similar to the Pembroke Welsh Corgi are listed below.
- Food items
- Veterinary care
- Vaccinations
- Preventive medicine
- Toys
- Pet insurance
- Pet Supplies
Other potential expenses include training, socializing, doggy daycare, dog sitters, dog walkers, etc. Grooming would likely not affect the maintenance costs of Pembroke Welsh Corgis because they don’t need professional grooming to trim and bathe the Corgi.
How to Name a Pembroke Welsh Corgi?
Choosing a name for your Pembroke Welsh Corgi involves essential building blocks, including the significance of the sound. The Pembroke Welsh Corgi’s name will mean something to the humans in the dog’s life, but for your canine companion, only the sound matters. Pembroke Welsh Corgis respond best to two-syllable names that are not short enough to be confused with single-syllable command words like “sit,” stay,” “come,” and “down.” However, the names should not be long enough to become puzzling.
It is always a good idea not to rush into choosing a name. Spend a week or so with your new Pembroke Welsh Corgi pup, and its character traits might be all the inspiration you need. Call out any name ideas, using different tones and sounds for the two syllables, and watch your puppy’s reaction to the sound. Remember, you must compose a sound that your Pembroke Welsh Corgi will recognize from a distance, among many other sounds.
Choose a name that could sound different in regular interaction and yelling or calling your Pembroke Welsh Corgi. Below is a list of suggestions of names inspired by your Pembroke Welsh Corgi’s ancestors and famous owners.
Pembroke Welsh Corgi Breed Names In honor of famous Corgi Owners and Ancient Wales |
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Pembroke Welsh Corgi Boy Names |
Pembroke Welsh Corgi Girl Names |
||
Cowboy OR Bebop |
A Corgi was the Main Character in the 2009 Cowboy Bebop Japanese anime |
QueenieOR Lizzie OR Elizabeth |
Queen Elizabeth II most famous owner of more than 30 Corgis since 1952 |
Dookie |
The name of one of the first Corgis Queen Elizabeth II received as a gift. |
Susan |
The name given to one of the first Corgis Queen Elizabeth received as a gift when she was about 18 |
Rufus |
Amazon’s original mascot was a Corgi named Rufus |
Nessi |
After the Loch Ness Monster |
Andras |
Welsh word for a warrior |
Caitrun |
Welsh word for “Pure” |
Maddox |
A Welsh Champion |
Vala |
Welsh word for “Chosen One” |
What are the Different Types of Welsh Corgis?
The two Corgis are the Pembroke Welsh Corgi and the Cardigan Welsh Corgi.
The Pembroke is the Corgi without a tail. In addition to the lack of a tail, the Pembroke stands out from his cousin, the Cardigan Welsh Corgi, in other ways, including his smaller, more pointed ears and wedge-shaped head. His weight ranges from 25 to 27 pounds, making him a little smaller than the Cardigan.
Although the Pembroke and Cardigan Welsh Corgis were both developed in Wales, considered “fairy-bred,” and share the name Corgi (meaning dwarf dog), they have different ancestry: twin sons of different mothers, you might say. The Pembroke has a foxier face and resembles the Spitz breeds such as the Swedish Vallhund and Norwegian Lundehund, to whom he is related. Today he’s primarily a companion and show dog, but he still has strong herding instincts.
What Dog Breeds are Similar to the Pembroke Welsh Corgi?
Pembroke Welsh Corgis may not be too difficult to find, but purebreds are expensive and involve long waiting lists. Finding a Pembroke Welsh Corgi at a rescue center might be equally challenging because they are so popular. However, as wonderful of a dog as the Pembroke Welsh Corgi may be, they aren’t for everyone. Here are some dogs that are similar to the Pembroke Welsh Corgis.
Below is a list of similar breeds that might be a good match for your family.
- Cardigan Welsh Corgi: Both Corgis are very similar in appearance and behavior, but the Cardigan actually predates the Pembroke by some 2,000 years. The main difference is the Cardigan’s longer tail and darker coat color. more about Cardigan Welsh Corgi.
- Cavalier King Charles Spaniel: The Cavalier King Charles Spaniel is not precisely a herding dog, but it does combine the affectionate nature of a toy breed with the athleticism of a working dog. It is a charming, graceful breed with long ears, a short snout, and a rich, silky coat.
- Australian Cattle Dog: While its legs aren’t quite as short as the Corgi, the Australian Cattle Dog has a compact, muscular body with a blue and red speckled or mottled appearance. It is exceptionally alert, curious, and fun to be around. more about Australian Cattle Dog.